Sábado, 02 Abril 2016 10:44

NUNCA ESTÁ DE MÁS, SABER ALGO MÁS... ¿CÓMO REPARAR UN PUNTO DÉBIL DE TU MUSCULATURA?

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Ya sabéis que todos  tenemos unos  músculos más desarrollados que otros, ante un  punto débil, que se resiste  al crecimiento, todos nos desesperamos al haberlo intentado todo para ponerlos al mismo nivel, sin ningún éxito. Pero siempre hay algo que hacer para recuperar un punto débil.

ESTRATEGIAS CLÁSICAS PARA RECUPERAR UN PUNTO DÉBIL

Hay músculos que responden mejor al entrenamiento y otros no lo hacen tanto, para equilibrar estos habrá que atacar los puntos débiles con total empeño, las estrategias clásicas de recuperación del musculo son:

1-      Entrenar prioritariamente el músculo retrasado al principio de cada entrenamiento porque ese es el momento que nos encontramos con más energía y mejor concentración.

2-      Hacer mas series de este músculo.

3-      Intentar aumentar la carga cada semana.

LOS AUTÉNTICOS Y LOS FALSOS PUNTOS DÉBILES

Los puntos débiles se clasifican en dos categorías: los “auténticos”  y los “falsos”.

1-      Un falso punto débil es un grupo de músculos que, efectivamente, esta menos desarrollado que el resto de la musculatura. La falta de entrenamiento, los entrenamientos acelerados o de manera irregular explican la falta de volumen. El caso más claro es el de la musculatura de muslos o pantorrillas, pero esto es relativamente fácil de poner al mismo nivel que los brazos por ejemplo.

2-      Un verdadero punto débil es un músculo que no crece aunque se trabaje con insistencia, estos son músculos a los que debemos de prestar atención verdaderamente.

 

¿A QUE SE DEBE UN PUNTO DÉBIL?

En teoría, los músculos deberían progresar a la misma velocidad, dado que las hormonas y los nutrientes cargados de anabolizantes se encuentran en igual proporción en cada uno de ellos. Pero la realidad demuestra que el crecimiento esta mas influenciado por alteraciones fisiológicas localizadas que por un anabolismo global.

LAS CAUSAS DEL MAL

Los puntos débiles tienen  un triple origen:

-          La genética.

-          El pasado deportivo de cada persona.

-          Las dificultades de recuperación muscular.

LA GENÉTICA

La genética influye en nuestra estructura de puntos débiles y puntos fuertes de cinco formas distintas.

LOS DE TREN SUPERIOR Y LOS DE TREN INFERIOR

A causa de factores genéticos, el cuerpo se divide en dos partes, hay personas con facilidad para desarrollar la musculatura de la parte superior y dificultades para desarrollar la parte inferior y viceversa. En difícil encontrar a alguien muscularmente armonioso por naturaleza. Incluso los que aparentan dicha musculatura igualada, tienen más facilidad en una parte que otra.

ASIMETRÍAS GENÉTICAS

No hay nadie simétrico, siempre hay músculos con mayor tendencia a desarrollarse en un lado que en otro. No hay que sorprenderse cuando veamos que tenemos un brazo más grande que el otro, en ocasiones es cosa de unos milímetros inapreciables, pero en otras ocasiones se trata de centímetros. Nuestros huesos tampoco son simétricos y siempre tenemos una clavícula más larga que la otra. Esta asimetría  altera todos los ejercicios del tren superior, particularmente a hombros, pectorales y espalda. Esto tiene una incidencia en la fuerza y el desarrollo  de los músculos.

MÚSCULOS CORTOS, MÚSCULOS LARGOS

La longitud de un musculo es uno de los factores para su capacidad de desarrollo, cuanto más largo es este musculo (es decir, se encuentran más alejados sus puntos de inserción), más fácil será hipertrofiarlo, por el contrario cuando es más corto es más difícil de desarrollar. Ese es el caso de los gemelos que cuelgan de la tibia, o de los bíceps que se acaban a “kilómetros” del antebrazo.

DENSIDAD FIBROSA Y DESARROLLO

Cuanto más rico es un musculo en fibras, más grande se hace, aun sin programas de musculación. Con entrenamiento, reaccionará mejor que un musculo poco denso en fibras, por suerte hay métodos para aumentar el número de fibras musculares. Se trata de:

-          Técnicas de entrenamiento como son las negativas acentuadas.

-          Complementos alimentario como la proteína whey, la leucina y la creatina, que utilizadas justo después del entrenamiento, tienen la capacidad de estimular la fabricación de nuevas células satélite a medida que se va entrenando, esas células se trasforman en fibras musculares.

DIFICULTAD DE CONGESTIÓN

Existe una relación directa entre la rapidez de crecimiento  de un musculo y su capacidad para congestionarse durante los entrenamientos. Cuanto más se hincha durante una serie más rápido será su crecimiento, por el contrario los músculos que no se llenan bien de sangre cuando se contraen siempre se retrasa más en su crecimiento, afortunadamente esto lo podemos mejorar haciendo series más largas.

EL PASADO DEPORTIVO DE CADA UNO

Una vez más tenemos el poder de influir en la genética. Es impresionante constatar que los músculos que han sido más solicitados en los deportes  y las actividades practicadas en la juventud se desarrollan más fácilmente en un programa de musculación, tener un pasado deportivo ayuda desarrollar una musculatura  con mayor rapidez.

LAS DIFICULTADES DE LA RECUPERACIÓN MUSCULAR

Los puntos débiles son en general músculos que se perciben poco, y en ese sentido es complicado trabajarlos y desarrollarlos, esto se explica por causa de tres fenómenos:

UNA FÉ CIEGA EN EL DOGMA

Los dogmas en el culturismo son recalcitrantes, particularmente en lo que respecta a la recuperación muscular. Por ejemplo, el press de banca es un ejercicio que solicita obligatoriamente los pectorales. Cuanto más peso tengamos que levantar estando acostados, mas crecerán los pectorales. Para los culturistas que tienen unos buenos pectorales estas dos reglas son perfectamente validas, pero este dogma de fe es también  el origen de la falta de pectorales en muchos otros.

En efecto, ¿Cuántos culturistas se toman la molestia de aprender a obligar a sus pectorales a invertir con máxima potencia posible en el press de banca? En general, lo único que ocurre es que se dedica a levantar todo el peso que puede creyendo que así sus pectorales se desarrollaran solos por la gracia de Dios.  Pero esto no es lo que ocurre siempre, y cuando vemos que el ejercicio no funciona y no crecen los pectorales, es inútil ensañarse, es ineficaz matarse levantando peso en el banco. Y este ejemplo del  press de banca es válido para otros como el squat para el cuádriceps, el remo para las dorsales, etc..  Que un ejercicio sea muy reputado para desarrollar pectorales o braquiales no significa que sirva invariablemente para todo el mundo ni para todos los músculos implicados.

LA COMPETICIÓN INTRAMUSCULAR

Existe una competición interna entre los músculos, en un ejercicio básico como el press de banca, que solicita hombros +  brazos + pectorales, los músculos que estén en mejor forma serán mas solicitados que el resto, y en consecuencia seguirán creciendo más rápido que los otros. Así que una persona que tenga muy buenos brazos, tirara más de ellos que de hombros y pectorales, y seguirá desarrollando aun mas brazos sin conseguir avanzar demasiado en los otros dos grupos musculares que se verán retrasados.

*Unos brazos muy potentes interfieren en el crecimiento de pectorales, hombros y espalda.

*Antebrazos muy desarrollados interfieren en el desarrollo de los bíceps.

*Pectorales importantes impiden el máximo desarrollo de los hombros.

*Unos buenos hombros impiden el desarrollo de los pectorales.

*Mucha musculación en la parte superior de la espalda impide el desarrollo de los dorsales.

*Glúteos prominentes interfieren en el desarrollo de los cuádriceps y los isquiotibiales.

LOS DEFECTOS DERIVADOS DE LA RECUPERACIÓN MUSCULAR

Cada repetición, cada serie, cada entrenamiento deja una traza no solo en los músculos sino también en el sistema nervioso. Estas trazas constituyen, una a una, nuestro sistema motor.

Si el press de banca desarrolla demasiado los hombros y poco los pectorales, cada vez que lo practiquemos el defectuoso programa de recuperación motriz se vicia más y más.  Así agravamos el problema en lugar de solucionarlo.

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